Basic information of the basic structure and coupling of the wind turbine

Wind wheels, pitch systems, transmission systems, yaw systems, generators, control systems, braking systems, hydraulic systems, nacelles and towers.

XNUMX. Yaw system

Simply put, the function of the yaw system is to drive the wind wheel to track the wind direction and try to make the wind direction perpendicular to the sweeping surface of the wind wheel to improve the wind catching ability of the wind wheel.Combined with the wind system, it is determined to the greatest extent that the fan is aligned with the wind direction, and the speed is good to obtain kinetic energy.At the same time, it has yaw angle protection. When the wind turbine nacelle rotates through a certain angle, it stops rotating to prevent the cable from being twisted.

XNUMX. Braking system

The function of the braking system is that when the control system issues a stop command, it can stop the wind turbine generator in time, and activate the mechanical brake to control the wind turbine shaft to prevent the wind turbine generator from starting abnormally when there is wind.

Three, hydraulic system

The hydraulic system of the fan is a unit that realizes power transmission and motion control through pressurized liquid, and its main function is to provide power for the pitch system, yaw system, control system, and braking system.

Four, engine room and tower

The nacelle of the wind turbine is used to carry mechanical components such as wind wheels, gearboxes, generators, and control cabinets. The tower is used to support the entire wind turbine and is connected to the ground foundation to carry various loads during the operation of the system.The tower mainly supports the whole machine, bears wind pressure and dynamic load during operation, and is mostly composed of reinforced concrete and conical steel pipes.

Five, generator

The function of generators is to convert rotating mechanical energy into electrical energy. Since the last century, there have been synchronous generators, asynchronous generators, wound generators, permanent magnet direct drive generators and other types of generators. The main types are: Synchronous Generators, asynchronous generators, permanent magnet direct-drive generators, etc.

Six, control system

The control system generally adopts PC control, which mainly includes two parts: monitoring and control.

Seven, wind wheel

The wind wheel is a key component that converts wind energy into mechanical energy, and is mainly composed of blades and a hub.To undertake wind energy components, modern megawatt-class wind turbine blade materials mostly use glass fiber or composite materials. According to the position of the wind turbine blade and the nacelle, the wind turbine can be divided into upwind blowers and downwind blowers; the hub is used to connect the blades and the main shaft. Complicated load; the pitch system in the hub determines the speed to capture wind energy at low wind speeds, and changes the pitch angle at high wind speeds to reduce the windward surface to prevent damage to the wind turbine page.

XNUMX. Pitch system

The pitch system is installed in the hub of the wind wheel, which mainly includes the hub, pitch bearing, pitch drive device, pitch control cabinet, battery, etc.

Nine, transmission system

The transmission system mainly includes high and low speed shafts, gear boxes, brakes, etc.The brake is divided into electromagnetic brake, hydraulic brake and manual brake. It is a device to stop the fan.The high and low speed shafts are connected with the gearbox and the generator through couplings.The plum blossom coupling has a good vibration absorption effect and is easy to maintain. The diaphragm coupling is suitable for low-torque transmission. The function of the fan drive system is to transfer the mechanical energy converted by the wind wheel to the generator for power generation. For the gearbox For the speed-increasing doubly-fed unit, the gearbox is a key component of the transmission system and can be used to increase the speed.As for the permanent magnet direct-drive unit, because its structure becomes simpler, it mainly refers to components such as the drive shaft.

There are many types of couplings.Generally, couplings can be divided into rigid couplings and elastic couplings according to the load-bearing properties, which is determined by whether there are elastic elements in the coupling.The rigid coupling will not be elastically deformed during installation and operation, and it is prone to rigid impact when subjected to impact.Relatively speaking, the elastic element of the elastic coupling can absorb vibration and alleviate the impact, and the coupling can achieve the relative displacement of the connected part through the deformation of its elastic element.In addition, there are some couplings with special functions.

Whether the coupling can work stably is directly related to the stable operation of the train, the continuity of the driving torque and the running quality of the train.Therefore, the research on related axles is very necessary for the stable operation and further development of high-speed trains.Among the many types of couplings, drum-shaped gear couplings are widely used in the field of rail transit due to their compact structure, good carrying capacity, good offset adaptability, low assembly accuracy requirements, and stable operation. In the development process of my country's high-speed EMUs, drum gear couplings are commonly used in the transmission system of EMUs.

The coupling is one of the core components of the mechanical transmission system, and its main function is to transmit the torque of the driving shaft to the driven shaft.In the transmission system of the high-speed EMU, the motor torque is transmitted to the pinion shaft of the gearbox.